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GoFast® for ARM Cortex Thumb-2 and IAR


Fast Floating Point Library


Features

  • Fast
  • Reentrant
  • ROMable
  • Conforms to IEEE 754 Format
  • "Link and Go" compiler support for IAR EWARM
  • Includes complete source, test programs, project files, and startup code


Description

GoFast® for ARM Cortex Thumb-2 (e.g. Cortex-M3) was carefully designed for high performance operation in embedded applications and ease of use including “link and go” compatibility with the IAR C compiler. GoFast provides ROMable, reentrant IEEE and ANSI compatible Thumb-2 floating point support. It boosts the performance of an application’s math calculations or eliminates the need for a hardware floating-point coprocessor, in order to reduce product manufacturing cost. It is delivered with full assembly source code.

Currently GoFast is offered for the ARM and Thumb-2 instruction sets, not Thumb.

Functionality

GoFast ARM Cortex Thumb-2 offers the following reentrant floating point routines, for both single and double precision:

  • intrinsic basic operations + - * /
  • intrinsic conversions
  • sqrt
  • sin, cos, tan
  • asin, acos, atan, atan2
  • sinh, cosh, atanh
  • log, log10, exp, pow
  • floor, ceil, fabs
  • modf, fmod, frexp, ldexp


Floating Point Technology

GoFast is based on “Architecture Independent Technology” (AIT) and proven floating point algorithms that were developed for over a decade. The algorithms have been thoroughly tested using automated methods.

Conformance and Testing

The accuracy of each GoFast Floating Point Library is within one (least significant) bit for arithmetic functions and two bits for transcendental functions, in most cases. The IEEE 754 Floating Point Format defines special representations for underflow, overflow, and invalid operation. The GoFast routines use these formats and adhere to the IEEE 754 error handling procedures in all applicable cases. Quality assurance and testing procedures have assured proper product operation. In addition, each delivery includes target specific test programs assuring confidence of product operation.

Timings

The following table gives the times for all floating point operations, for GoFast and the IAR floating point library. The times, in microseconds, were measured using the indicated processor and evaluation board. The basic operations (add, subtract, multiply, divide, conversions, and comparisons) in the IAR C library are hand-coded and faster than those in GoFast, so the IAR versions are used instead. (If you only need these basic operations, you don’t need GoFast.) Thus, the routines linked are a mixture of both libraries, as indicated in bold below. GoFast provides the greatest benefit for the more complex operations, offering as much as an 10 times performance boost for some.

Microsecond Timings

Cortex-M3:    LM3S8962, 50 MHz, Int SRAM

 
Double Precision
Single Precision
Function
GoFast
IAR
GoFast
IAR
add
2.6
1.8
1.8
1.2
subtract
2.7
1.9
1.9
1.2
multiply
2.6
2.1
1.6
1.0
divide
7.3
12.4
3.9
1.6
sqrt
13.7
53.4
7.6
11.3
exp
12.8
49.5
4.2
32.7
log
19.9
50.1
9.1
16.6
log10
20.9
56.8
9.3
20.0
sin
10.5
35.1
4.1
15.0
cos
10.3
34.7
4.1
14.8
tan
17.7
47.8
6.9
16.5
asin
17.9
123.6
15.9
29.6
acos
18.2
123.8
17.8
29.9
atan
19.3
59.3
8.0
15.2
atan 2
25.5
69.5
10.8
17.2
pow
32.5
136.3
13.6
67.1
tanh
18.3
61.0
9.0
34.3
sinh
17.8
63.8
7.1
37.9
cosh
17.5
62.6
6.9
36.8
modf
3.8
3.7
2.4
2.4
fmod
10.4
104.6
7.5
71.6
fabs
0.4
1.3
0.3
0.9
floor
1.1
3.3
0.7
2.3
ceil
1.2
3.2
0.8
2.3
ldexp
1.1
2.2
0.9
1.9
frexp
1.0
1.1
0.8
0.9
cmp
1.4
0.9
0.8
0.8
fp to long
0.8
0.8
0.5
0.5
fp to ulong
0.9
0.5
0.5
0.3
long to fp
1.2
0.6
1.1
0.6
ulong to fp
1.0
0.4
0.8
0.4
sgl to dbl
0.8
0.5
dbl to sgl
1.1
0.7

Times were measured on Texas Instruments (Luminary Micro) LM3S8962-EK board with IAR v5.20.


GoFast is a registered trademark of Lantronix Inc. ARM and Thumb are registered trademarks of ARM Ltd.

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